5–7 Research with a community-based sample, where the MoCA and MMSE scores were compared 8 or the internal reliability and construct validity of the MoCA test were examined remains limited. 4 In more recent validations of the MoCA test in languages other than English, the test scores were also compared between groups with and without a clinical diagnosis of cognitive impairment. In many studies, the MoCA test and subtests have primarily been validated against either a clinical diagnosis or the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score, another tool also widely used for MCI screening. Koski 3 summarized this literature within the context of cerebrovascular diseases, where cognitive impairment is a common consequence. With a score between 0 and 30 points, the MoCA has the ability to assess multiple cognitive domains 1,2 it has been used in more than 200 countries in different languages, and available for clinical and educational use from Many researchers have validated the MoCA test the vast majority of such studies were with patient populations - those at risk or already diagnosed with cognitive impairments. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 1 is a simple and user friendly tool widely used for screening mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. The promising performance of a Vietnamese version of the MoCA test seen in this study has important practical implications for the screening of MCI among an important immigrant population in community settings. The study suggests several potential areas for improvement to enhance discriminating power of certain items and sub-tests, including the memory domain. The test was found to be a reliable, and likely valid, instrument for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) screening within our study population. Our findings indicate good psychometric applicability and internal reliability, as well as construct and criterion validity of this modification of the MoCA test. We also correlated the MoCA score with individual characteristics, including age, sex, and education. Item analyses, and construct and criterion validity analyses were performed. METHODSįorty-eight older adults were interviewed using a Vietnamese version of MoCA. It is answered by the patient, family, or caregiver to indicate the presence of cognitive impairment.The goal of this study was to assess how the Vietnamese version of the MoCA test performed in a community-based sample of Vietnamese American (VA) older adults, an immigrant population with whom the MoCA test has not been validated. The questionnaire is useful to assess and monitor functional changes over time. The Functional Activities Questionnaire calculates the extent of the patient’s ability to engage in instrumental activities of daily living. Both anxiety and depression may affect cognitive assessment scores. This tool is a valid screening tool for gauging severity of generalized anxiety symptoms. More information about PHQ-9 can be found here. The PHQ-9 can be useful in clinical practice to assess depression severity and its symptoms. A score of greater than five indicates further evaluation. Score one point when the patient answer matches the test answer. The Geriatric Depression Scale can be useful for patients who have mild-to-moderate symptoms of dementia. Its use is granted by Washington University for clinical care purposes. No formal training is needed to administer the test. In combination with the Mini-COG, the AD8 is effective for detecting early cognitive change. The test consists of eight yes-or-no questions about changes in the person’s thinking, memory, and behavior. This brief 3-minute test was originally designed as an informant screening tool but has also been validated as a direct questionnaire for the patient. A one-hour Training & Certification module supports MoCA’s validity and was designed for busy medical professionals. Both an app and paper versions are available. It is easy to administer and score, and the results can be interpreted by the health provider with minimal training. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment is a quick and easy instrument that can be adapted for use in the clinical setting. This paper tool is helpful for clinics that serve linguistically diverse populations that have varying education levels. This validated short cognitive screening instrument is designed to reduce the impact of language and cultural differences on the results of screened individuals. Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) Training for use of this tool takes about ten minutes. This is a free tool and is available in many languages. The Mini-Cog is a three-minute instrument for the patient that consists of two components: a three-item recall test for memory and a clock drawing test.
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